rust-by-practice/en/src/compound-types/array.md

Array

The type of array is [T; Lengh], as you can see, array's lengh is part of their type signature. So their length must be known at compile time.

For example, you cant initialized an array as below:

fn init_arr(n: i32) {
    let arr = [1; n];
}

This will cause an error, because the compile have no idea of the exact size of the array in compile time.

1. 🌟

fn main() {
    // fill the blank with proper array type
    let arr: __ = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

    // modify below to make it work
    assert!(arr.len() == 4);

    println!("Success!")
}

2. 🌟🌟

fn main() {
    // we can ignore parts of the array type or even the whole type, let the compiler infer it for us
    let arr0 = [1, 2, 3];
    let arr: [_; 3] = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
    
    // fill the blank
    // Arrays are stack allocated, `std::mem::size_of_val` return the bytes which array occupies
    // A char takes 4 byte in Rust: Unicode char
    assert!(std::mem::size_of_val(&arr) == __);

    println!("Success!")
}

3. 🌟 All elements in an array can be initialized to the same value at once.

fn main() {
    // fill the blank
    let list: [i32; 100] = __ ;

    assert!(list[0] == 1);
    assert!(list.len() == 100);

    println!("Success!")
}

4. 🌟 All elements in an array must be of the same type

fn main() {
    // fix the error
    let _arr = [1, 2, '3'];

    println!("Success!")
}

5. 🌟 Indexing starts at 0.

fn main() {
    let arr = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
    
    let ele = arr[1]; // only modify this line to make the code work!

    assert!(ele == 'a');

    println!("Success!")
}

6. 🌟 Out of bounds indexing causes panic.

// fix the error
fn main() {
    let names = [String::from("Sunfei"), "Sunface".to_string()];
    
    // `get` returns an Option<T>, it's safe to use
    let name0 = names.get(0).unwrap();

    // but indexing is not safe
    let _name1 = &names[2];

    println!("Success!")
}

You can find the solutions here(under the solutions path), but only use it when you need it