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Install iRedMail on FreeBSD inside Jail (with ezjail)

[TOC]

Summary

  • This tutorial describes how to create a FreeBSD Jail with ezjail, then install the latest iRedMail in Jail.
  • We use hostname mx.example.com and IP address 172.16.244.254 for our Jail server.

Notes:

  • This tutorial was tested with FreeBSD 10 and the latest ports tree, but it should work on FreeBSD 9 and other releases.
  • All backends available in iRedMail (OpenLDAP, MySQL/MariaDB, PostgreSQL) were tested, work like a charm. :)
  • For more details about ezjail, please check FreeBSD Handbook: Managing Jails with ezjail.

System Requirements

IMPORTANT WARNING: iRedMail is designed to be deployed on a FRESH server system, which means your server does NOT have mail related components installed, e.g. MySQL, OpenLDAP, Postfix, Dovecot, Amavisd, etc. iRedMail will install and configure them for you automatically. Otherwise it may override your existing files/configurations althought it will backup files before modifying, and it may not be working as expected.

  • The latest stable release of iRedMail. You can download it here: https://www.iredmail.org/download.html
  • Port sysutils/ezjail for FreeBSD.
  • Make sure 3 UID/GID are not used by other user/group: 2000, 2001, 2002.

Preparations

Install sysutils/ezjail and add required settings

  • Install ezjail with ports tree:
# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/ezjail/
# make install clean
  • Enable ezjail service and sysvipc by appending lines below to /etc/rc.conf:
# Start ezjail while system start up
ezjail_enable="YES"

# Enable sysvipc. Required by PostgreSQL.
jail_sysvipc_allow="YES"
  • Add parameter in /etc/sysctl.conf, this is required if you're going to install iRedMail with PostgreSQL backend.
security.jail.sysvipc_allowed=1
  • Rebooting system is required after changing /etc/rc.conf.
# reboot

Create Jail

  • After server reboot, populate the Jail with FreeBSD-RELEASE
# ezjail-admin install -p

  • Create a new jail

    • hostname mx.example.com
    • bound IP address 172.16.244.254 to network interface em0
    • Jail is placed under /jails/mx.example.com
# ezjail-admin create -r /jails/mx.example.com mx.example.com 'em0|172.16.244.254'
  • Start Jail.
# service ezjail restart
  • List all Jails:
# ezjail-admin list
STA JID  IP               Hostname                          Root Directory
--- ---- ---------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------
DS  1    172.16.244.254   mx.example.com                    /jails/mx.example.com

Install iRedMail

We can now enter this Jail with below command:

# ezjail-admin console mx.example.com
  • In Jail, update /etc/resolv.conf with valid DNS server address(es). For example:
# File: /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.16.244.2
  • In Jail, install binary package bash-static, it's required by iRedMail.
# -- For FreeBSD 10 or later releases --
# pkg install bash-static

# -- For FreeBSD 9 or earlier releases --
# pkg_add -r bash-static

Start iRedMail installer

It's now ready to start iRedMail installer inside Jail, it will ask you several simple questions, that's all required to setup a full-featured mail server.

# bash          # <- start bash shell, REQUIRED
# cd /root/iRedMail/
# LOCAL_ADDRESS='172.16.244.254' bash iRedMail.sh

!!! note "Note to Chinese users"

Our domain name `iredmail.org` has been blocked in mainland China for
years (since Jun 04, 2011), please run command below to finish the
installation:

`IREDMAIL_MIRROR='https://dl.iredmail.org' bash iRedMail.sh`

Screenshots of installation:

  • Welcome and thanks for your use

{: width="700px" }

  • Specify location to store all mailboxes. Default is /var/vmail/.

{: width="700px" }

  • Choose backend used to store mail accounts. You can manage mail accounts with iRedAdmin, our web-based iRedMail admin panel.

!!! note

There's no big difference between available backends, so
it's strongly recommended to choose the one you're familiar with for easier
management and maintenance after installation.

{: width="700px" }

  • If you choose to store mail accounts in OpenLDAP, iRedMail installer will ask to set the LDAP suffix.

{: width="700px" }

!!! note "To MySQL/MariaDB/PostgreSQL users"

If you choose to store mail accounts in MySQL/MariaDB/PostgreSQL, iRedMail
installer will generate a random, strong password for you. You can find it
in file `iRedMail.tips`.
  • Add your first mail domain name

{: width="700px" }

  • Set password of admin account of your first mail domain.

Note: This account is an admin account and a mail user. That means you can login to webmail and admin panel (iRedAdmin) with this account, login username is full email address.

{: width="700px" }

  • Choose optional components

{: width="700px" }

After answered above questions, iRedMail installer will ask you to review and confirm to start installation. It will install and configure required packages automatically. Type y or Y and press Enter to start.

{: width="700px" }

Important things you MUST know after installation

!!! warning

The weakest part of a mail server is user's weak password. Spammers don't
want to hack your server, they just want to send spam from your server.
Please __ALWAYS ALWAYS ALWAYS__ force users to use a strong password.

Access webmail and other web applications

After installation successfully completed, you can access web-based programs if you choose to install them. Replace your_server below by your real server hostname or IP address.

Get technical support

Please post all issues, feedbacks, feature requests, suggestions in our online support forum, it's more responsible than you expected.

Some Tips for FreeBSD Jail

Allow ping in Jail

  • Appending below line in /etc/sysctl.conf to allow to use ping command inside Jail:
security.jail.allow_raw_sockets=1
  • Update /usr/local/etc/ezjail/mx_example_com to allow ping inside Jail:
export jail_mx_example_com_parameters="allow.raw_sockets=1"

Share /usr/ports/distfiles with Jail

To share /usr/ports/distfiles/ with Jail, please append below line in /etc/fstab.mx_example_com:

Jail will set ports tree directory to /var/ports instead of /usr/ports in /jails/mx.example.com/etc/make.conf by default, you can either use this default setting or change it to /usr/ports.

# Part of file: /etc/fstab.mx_example.com
/usr/ports/distfiles /jails/mx.example.com/basejail/var/ports/distfiles nullfs rw 0 0

Create directory /usr/jails/basejail/var/ports/distfiles:

# mkdir /usr/jails/basejail/var/ports/distfiles