msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: 004_backup 1.0\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Nika Zhenya \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2019-07-04 07:49-0500\n" "Last-Translator: Automatically generated\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-07-04 11:04-0500\n" "Language-Team: none\n" "Language: en\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" "X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n" #: content/md/004_backup.js:1 msgid "# Who Backup Whom?" msgstr "# Who Backup Whom?" #: content/md/004_backup.js:2 msgid "> @published 2019/07/04, 10:00 {.published}" msgstr "> @published 2019/07/04, 11:00 {.published}" #: content/md/004_backup.js:3 msgid "" "Among publishers and readers is common to heard about “digital copies.” This " "implies that ebooks tend to be seen as backups of printed books. How the " "former became a copy of the original---even tough you first need a digital " "file in order to print---goes something like this:" msgstr "" "Among publishers and readers is common to heard about “digital copies.” This " "implies that ebooks tend to be seen as backups of printed books. How the " "former became a copy of the original---even tough you first need a digital " "file in order to print---goes something like this:" #: content/md/004_backup.js:8 msgid "" "1. Digital files (+++DF+++s) with appropriate maintenance could\n" " have higher probabilities to last longer that its material\n" " peer.\n" "2. Physical files (+++PF+++s) are limited due geopolitical\n" " issues, like cultural policies updates, or due random events,\n" " like environment changes or accidents.\n" "3. _Therefore_, +++DF+++s are backups of +++PF+++s because _in\n" " theory_ its dependence is just technical." msgstr "" "1. Digital files (+++DF+++s) with appropriate maintenance could\n" " have higher probabilities to last longer that its material\n" " peer.\n" "2. Physical files (+++PF+++s) are limited due geopolitical\n" " issues, like cultural policies updates, or due random events,\n" " like environment changes or accidents.\n" "3. _Therefore_, +++DF+++s are backups of +++PF+++s because _in\n" " theory_ its dependence is just technical." #: content/md/004_backup.js:16 msgid "" "The famous digital copies arise as a right of private copy. What if one day " "our printed books get ban or burn? Or maybe some rain or coffee spill could " "fuck our books collection. Who knows, +++DF+++s seem more reliable." msgstr "" "The famous digital copies arise as a right of private copy. What if one day " "our printed books get ban or burn? Or maybe some rain or coffee spill could " "fuck our books collection. Who knows, +++DF+++s seem more reliable." #: content/md/004_backup.js:20 msgid "" "But there are a couple suppositions in this argument. (1) The technology " "behind +++DF+++s in one way or the other will always make data flow. Maybe " "this is because (2) one characteristic---part of its “nature”---of " "information is that nobody can stop its spread. This could also implies that " "(3) hackers can always destroy any kind of digital rights management system." msgstr "" "But there are a couple suppositions in this argument. (1) The technology " "behind +++DF+++s in one way or the other will always make data flow. Maybe " "this is because (2) one characteristic---part of its “nature”---of " "information is that nobody can stop its spread. This could also implies that " "(3) hackers can always destroy any kind of digital rights management system." #: content/md/004_backup.js:26 msgid "" "Certainly some dudes are gonna be able to hack the locks but at a high cost: " "every time each [cipher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher) is revealed, " "another more complex is on the way---_Barlow [dixit](https://www.wired." "com/1994/03/economy-ideas/)_. We cannot trust that our digital " "infrastructure would be designed with the idea of free share in mind… Also, " "how can we probe information wants to be free without relying in its " "“nature” or making it some kind of autonomous subject?" msgstr "" "Certainly some dudes are gonna be able to hack the locks but at a high cost: " "every time each [cipher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher) is revealed, " "another more complex is on the way---*Barlow [dixit](https://www.wired." "com/1994/03/economy-ideas/)*. We cannot trust that our digital " "infrastructure would be designed with the idea of free share in mind… Also, " "how can we probe information wants to be free without relying in its " "“nature” or making it some kind of autonomous subject?" #: content/md/004_backup.js:33 msgid "" "Besides those issues, the dynamic between copies and originals creates an " "hierarchical order. Every +++DF+++ is in a secondary position because it is " "a copy. In a world full of things, materiality is and important feature for " "commons and goods; for several people +++PF+++s are gonna be preferred " "because, well, you can grasp them." msgstr "" "Besides those issues, the dynamic between copies and originals creates an " "hierarchical order. Every +++DF+++ is in a secondary position because it is " "a copy. In a world full of things, materiality is and important feature for " "commons and goods; for several people +++PF+++s are gonna be preferred " "because, well, you can grasp them." #: content/md/004_backup.js:39 msgid "" "Ebook market shows that the hierarchy is at least shading. For some readers +" "++DF+++s are now in the top of the pyramid. We could say so by the follow " "argument:" msgstr "" "Ebook market shows that the hierarchy is at least shading. For some readers +" "++DF+++s are now in the top of the pyramid. We could say so by the follow " "argument:" #: content/md/004_backup.js:42 msgid "" "1. +++DF+++s are way more flexible and easy to share.\n" "2. +++PF+++s are very static and not easy to access.\n" "3. _Therefore_, +++DF+++s are more suitable for use than +++PF+++s." msgstr "" "1. +++DF+++s are way more flexible and easy to share.\n" "2. +++PF+++s are very rigid and not easy to access.\n" "3. _Therefore_, +++DF+++s are more suitable for use than +++PF+++s." #: content/md/004_backup.js:45 msgid "" "Suddenly, +++PF+++s become hard copies that are gonna store data as it was " "published. Its information is in disposition to be extracted and processed " "if need it." msgstr "" "Suddenly, +++PF+++s become hard copies that are gonna store data as it was " "published. Its information is in disposition to be extracted and processed " "if need it." #: content/md/004_backup.js:48 msgid "" "Yeah, we also have a couple assumptions here. Again (1) we rely on the " "stability of our digital infrastructure that it would allow us to have " "access to +++DF+++s no matter how old they are. (2) Reader's priorities are " "over files use---if not merely consumption---not on its preservation and " "reproduction (+++P&R+++). (3) The argument presume that backups are " "motionless information, where bookshelves are fridges for later-to-use books." msgstr "" "Yeah, we also have a couple assumptions here. Again (1) we rely on the " "stability of our digital infrastructure that it would allow us to have " "access to +++DF+++s no matter how old they are. (2) Reader's priorities are " "over files use---if not merely consumption---not on its preservation and " "reproduction (+++P&R+++). (3) The argument presume that backups are " "motionless information, where bookshelves are fridges for later-to-use books." #: content/md/004_backup.js:55 msgid "" "The optimism about our digital infrastructure is too damn high. Commonly we " "see it as a technology that give us access to zillions of files and not as a " "+++P&R+++ machinery. This could be problematic because some times file " "formats intended for use aren't the most suitable for +++P&R+++. For " "example, the use of +++PDF+++s as some kind of ebook. Giving to much " "importance to reader's priorities could lead us to a situation where the " "only way to process data is by extracting it again from hard copies. When we " "do that we also have another headache: fixes on the content have to be add " "to the last available hard copy edition. But, can you guess where are all " "the fixes? Probably not. Maybe we should start to think about backups as " "some sort of _rolling update_." msgstr "" "The optimism about our digital infrastructure is too damn high. Commonly we " "see it as a technology that give us access to zillions of files and not as a " "+++P&R+++ machinery. This could be problematic because some times file " "formats intended for use aren't the most suitable for +++P&R+++. For " "example, the use of +++PDF+++s as some kind of ebook. Giving to much " "importance to reader's priorities could lead us to a situation where the " "only way to process data is by extracting it again from hard copies. When we " "do that we also have another headache: fixes on the content have to be add " "to the last available hard copy edition. But, can you guess where are all " "the fixes? Probably not. Maybe we should start to think about backups as " "some sort of _rolling update_." #: content/md/004_backup.js:67 msgid "" "![Programando Libreros while she scans books which +++DF+++s are not " "suitable for +++P&R+++ or are simply nonexistent; can you see how it is not " "necessary to have a fucking nice scanner?](../../../img/p004_i001.jpg)" msgstr "" "![Programando Libreros while she scans books which +++DF+++s are not " "suitable for +++P&R+++ or are simply nonexistent; can you see how it is not " "necessary to have a fucking nice scanner?](../../../img/p004_i001.jpg)" #: content/md/004_backup.js:70 msgid "" "As we imagine---and started to live in---scenarios of highly controlled data " "transfer, we have to picture a situation where for some reason our electric " "power is off or running low. In that context all the strengths of +++DF+++s " "become pointless. They may not be accessible. They may not spread. Right now " "for us is hard to imagine. Generation after generation the storaged +++DF++" "+s in +++HDD+++s would be inherit with the hope of being used again. But " "over time those devices with our cultural heritage would become rare objects " "without any apparent utility." msgstr "" "As we imagine---and started to live in---scenarios of highly controlled data " "transfer, we have to picture a situation where for some reason our electric " "power is off or running low. In that context all the strengths of +++DF+++s " "become pointless. They may not be accessible. They may not spread. Right now " "for us is hard to imagine. Generation after generation the storaged +++DF++" "+s in +++HDD+++s would be inherit with the hope of being used again. But " "over time those devices with our cultural heritage would become rare objects " "without any apparent utility." #: content/md/004_backup.js:79 msgid "" "The aspects of +++DF+++s that made us see the fragility of +++PF+++s would " "disappear in its concealment. Can we still talk about information if it is " "potential information---we know the data is there, but it is inaccessible " "because we don't have the means for view them? Or does information already " "implies the technical resources for its access---i.e. there is not " "information without a subject with technical skills to extract, process and " "use the data?" msgstr "" "The aspects of +++DF+++s that made us see the fragility of +++PF+++s would " "disappear in its concealment. Can we still talk about information if it is " "on a potential stage---we know data is there, but it is inaccessible because " "we don't have means for view them? Or does information already implies " "technical resources for its access---i.e. there is not information without a " "subject with technical skills to extract, process and use the data?" #: content/md/004_backup.js:86 msgid "" "When we usually talk about information we already suppose is there, but many " "times is not accessible. So the idea of potential information could be " "counterintuitive. If the information isn't actual we just consider that it " "doesn't exist, not that it is on some potential stage." msgstr "" "When we usually talk about information we already suppose it is there, but " "many times it is not accessible. So the idea of potential information could " "be counterintuitive. If information isn't actual we just consider that it " "doesn't exist, not that it is on some potential stage." #: content/md/004_backup.js:91 msgid "" "As our technology is developing we assume that we would always have _the " "possibility_ of better ways to extract or understand data. Thus, that there " "are bigger chances to get new kinds of information---and take a profit from " "it. Preservation of data relies between those possibilities, as we usually " "backup files with the idea that we could need to go back again." msgstr "" "As our technology is developing we assume that we would always have _the " "possibility_ of better ways to extract or understand data. Thus, that there " "are bigger chances to get new kinds of information---and take profit from " "it. Preservation of data relies between those possibilities, as we usually " "backup files with the idea that we could need to go back again." #: content/md/004_backup.js:97 msgid "" "Our world become more complex by new things forthcoming to us, most of the " "times as new characteristics of things we already know. Preservation " "policies implies an epistemic optimism and not only a desire to keep alive " "or incorrupt our heritage. We wouldn't backup data if we don't already " "believe we could need it in a future where we can still use it." msgstr "" "Our world become more complex by new things forthcoming to us, most of the " "times as new characteristics of things we already know. Preservation " "policies implies an epistemic optimism and not only a desire to keep alive " "or incorrupt our heritage. We wouldn't backup data if we don't already " "believe we could need it in a future where we can still use it." #: content/md/004_backup.js:103 msgid "" "With this exercise could be clear a potentially paradox of +++DF+++s. More " "accessibility tends to require more technical infrastructure. This could " "imply major technical dependence that subordinate accessibility of " "information to the disposition of technical means. _Therefore_, we achieve a " "situation where more accessibility is equal to more technical infrastructure " "and---as we experience nowadays---dependence." msgstr "" "With this exercise it could be clear a potentially paradox of +++DF+++s. " "More accessibility tends to require more technical infrastructure. This " "could imply major technical dependence that subordinate accessibility of " "information to the disposition of technical means. _Therefore_, we achieve a " "situation where more accessibility is equal to more technical infrastructure " "and---as we experience nowadays---dependence." #: content/md/004_backup.js:110 msgid "" "Open access to knowledge involves at least some minimum technical means. " "Without that, we can't really talk about accessibility of information. " "Contemporary open access possibilities are restricted to an already " "technical dependence because we give a lot of attention in the flexibility " "that +++DF+++s offer us for _its use_. In a world without electric power, " "this kind of accessibility becomes narrow and an useless effort." msgstr "" "Open access to knowledge involves at least some minimum technical means. " "Without that, we can't really talk about accessibility of information. " "Contemporary open access possibilities are restricted to an already " "technical dependence because we give a lot of attention in the flexibility " "that +++DF+++s offer us for _its use_. In a world without electric power, " "this kind of accessibility becomes narrow and an useless effort." #: content/md/004_backup.js:117 msgid "" "![Programando Libreros and Hacklib while they work on a project intended to +" "++P&R+++ old Latin American SciFi books; sometimes a V-shape scanner is " "required when books are very fragile.](../../../img/p004_i002.jpg)" msgstr "" "![Programando Libreros and Hacklib while they work on a project intended to +" "++P&R+++ old Latin American SciFi books; sometimes a V-shape scanner is " "required when books are very fragile.](../../../img/p004_i002.jpg)" #: content/md/004_backup.js:120 msgid "" "So, _who backup whom?_ In our actual world, where geopolitics and technical " "means restricts flow of data and people at the same time it defends internet " "access as a human right---some sort of neo-Enlightenment discourse---+++DF++" "+s are lifesavers in a condition where we don't have more ways to move " "around or scape---not only from border to border, but also on cyberspace: it " "is becoming a common place the need to sign up and give your identity in " "order to use web services. Let's not forget that open access of data can be " "a course of action to improve as community but also a method to perpetuate " "social conditions." msgstr "" "So, _who backup whom?_ In our actual world, where geopolitics and technical " "means restricts flow of data and people at the same time it defends internet " "access as a human right---some sort of neo-Enlightenment discourse---+++DF++" "+s are lifesavers in a condition where we don't have more ways to move " "around or scape---not only from border to border, but also on cyberspace: it " "is becoming a common place the need to sign up and give your identity in " "order to use web services. Let's not forget that open access of data can be " "a course of action to improve as community but also a method to perpetuate " "social conditions." #: content/md/004_backup.js:130 msgid "" "Not a lot of people are as privilege as us when we talk about access to " "technical means. Even more concerning, they are hommies with disabilities " "that made very hard for them to access information albeit they have those " "means. Isn't it funny that our ideas as file contents can move more “freely” " "than us---your memes can reach web platform where you are not allow to sign " "in?" msgstr "" "Not a lot of people are as privilege as us when we talk about access to " "technical means. Even more concerning, there are hommies with disabilities " "that made very hard for them to access information albeit they have those " "means. Isn't it funny that our ideas as file contents can move more “freely” " "than us---your memes can reach web platform where you are not allow to sign " "in?" #: content/md/004_backup.js:136 msgid "" "I desire more technological developments for freedom of +++P&R+++ and not " "just for use as enjoyment---no matter is for intellectual or consumption " "purposes. I want us to be free. But sometimes use of data, +++P&R+++ of " "information and people mobility freedoms don't get along." msgstr "" "I desire more technological developments for freedom of +++P&R+++ and not " "just for use as enjoyment---no matter is for intellectual or consumption " "purposes. I want us to be free. But sometimes use of data, +++P&R+++ of " "information and people mobility freedoms don't get along." #: content/md/004_backup.js:141 msgid "" "With +++DF+++s we achieve more independence in file use because once it is " "save, it could spread. It doesn't matter we have religious or political " "barriers; the battle take place mainly in technical grounds. But this " "doesn't made +++DF+++s more autonomous in its +++P&R+++. Neither implies we " "can archive personal or community freedoms. They are objects. _They are " "tools_ and whoever use them better, whoever owns them, would have more power." msgstr "" "With +++DF+++s we achieve more independence in file use because once it is " "save, it could spread. It doesn't matter we have religious or political " "barriers; the battle take place mainly in technical grounds. But this " "doesn't made +++DF+++s more autonomous in its +++P&R+++. Neither implies we " "can archive personal or community freedoms. They are objects. _They are " "tools_ and whoever use them better, whoever owns them, would have more power." #: content/md/004_backup.js:148 msgid "" "With +++PF+++s we can have more +++P&R+++ accessibility. We can do whatever " "we want with them: extract their data, process it and let it free. But only " "if we are their owners. Often that is not the case, so +++PF+++s tend to " "have more restricted access for its use. And, again, this doesn't mean we " "can be free. There is not any cause and effect between what object made " "possible and how subjects want to be free. They are tools, they are not " "master or slaves, just means for whoever use them… but for which ends?" msgstr "" "With +++PF+++s we can have more +++P&R+++ freedom. We can do whatever we " "want with them: extract their data, process it and let it free. But only if " "we are their owners. Often that is not the case, so +++PF+++s tend to have " "more restricted access for its use. And, again, this doesn't mean we can be " "free. There is not any cause and effect relationship between what object " "made possible and how subjects want to be free. They are tools, they are not " "master or slaves, just means for whoever use them… but for which ends?" #: content/md/004_backup.js:157 msgid "" "We need +++DF+++s and +++PF+++s as backups and as everyday objects of use. " "The act of backup is a dynamic category. Backed up files are not inert and " "they aren't only a substrate waiting to be use. Sometimes we are going to " "use +++PF+++s because +++DF+++s have been corrupted or its technical " "infrastructure has been shut down. In other occasions we would use +++DF+++s " "when +++PF+++s have been destroyed or restricted." msgstr "" "We need +++DF+++s and +++PF+++s as backups and as everyday objects of use. " "The act of backup is a dynamic category. Backed up files are not inert and " "they aren't only substrates waiting to be use. Sometimes we are going to use " "+++PF+++s because +++DF+++s have been corrupted or its technical " "infrastructure has been shut down. In other occasions we would use +++DF+++s " "when +++PF+++s have been destroyed or restricted." #: content/md/004_backup.js:164 msgid "" "![Due restricted access to +++PF+++s, sometimes it is necessary a portable V-" "shape scanner; this model allows us to handle damaged books while we can " "also storage it in a backpack.](../../../img/p004_i003.jpg)" msgstr "" "![Due restricted access to +++PF+++s, sometimes it is necessary a portable V-" "shape scanner; this model allows us to handle damaged books while we can " "also storage it in a backpack.](../../../img/p004_i003.jpg)" #: content/md/004_backup.js:167 msgid "" "So the struggle about backups---and all that shit about “freedom” on +++FOSS+" "++ communities---it is not only around the “incorporeal” realm of " "information. Nor on the technical means that made digital data possible. " "Neither in the laws that transform production into property. We have others " "battle fronts against the monopoly of the cyberspace---or as Lingel [says]" "(http://culturedigitally.org/2019/03/the-gentrification-of-the-internet/): " "the gentrification of the internet." msgstr "" "So the struggle about backups---and all that shit about “freedom” on +++FOSS+" "++ communities---it is not only around the “incorporeal” realm of " "information. Nor on the technical means that made digital data possible. " "Neither in the laws that transform production into property. We have others " "battle fronts against the monopoly of the cyberspace---or as Lingel [says]" "(http://culturedigitally.org/2019/03/the-gentrification-of-the-internet/): " "the gentrification of the internet." #: content/md/004_backup.js:174 msgid "" "It is not just about software, hardware, privacy, information or laws. It is " "about us: how we build communities and how technology constitutes us as " "subjects. _We need more theory_. But a very diversified one because being on " "internet it is not the same for an scholar, a publisher, a woman, a kid, a " "refugee, a non-white, a poor or an old person. This space it is not neutral, " "homogeneous and two-dimensional. It has wires, it has servers, it has " "exploited employees, it has buildings, _it has power_ and it has, well, all " "that things the “real world” has. Not because you use a device to access " "means that you can always decide if you are online or not: you are always " "online as an user as a consumer or as data." msgstr "" "It is not just about software, hardware, privacy, information or laws. It is " "about us: how we build communities and how technology constitutes us as " "subjects. _We need more theory_. But a very diversified one because being on " "internet it is not the same for an scholar, a publisher, a woman, a kid, a " "refugee, a non-white, a poor or an old lady. This space it isn't neutral nor " "homogeneous nor two-dimensional. It has wires, it has servers, it has " "exploited employees, it has buildings, _it has power_ and it has, well, all " "that things the “real world” has. Not because you use a device to access " "means that you can always decide if you are online or not: you are always " "online as an user as a consumer or as data." #: content/md/004_backup.js:186 msgid "" "_Who backup whom?_ As internet is changing us as printed text did, backed up " "files it isn't the storage of data, but _the memory of our world_. Is it " "still a good idea to leave the work of +++P&R+++ to a couple of hardware and " "software companies? Are we now allow to say that the act of backup implies " "files but something else too? " msgstr "" "_Who backup whom?_ As internet is changing us as printed text did, backed up " "files aren't storages of data, but _the memory of our world_. Is it still a " "good idea to leave the work of +++P&R+++ to a couple hardware and software " "companies? Are we now allow to say that the act of backup implies files but " "something else too? "