Continuamos con la revisión de 6
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@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ distinctive relationship with her own work. Without some metaphysics
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or theological conceptions about cultural production, this special
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relation is difficult to prove---but that is another story.
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![Locke and Hegel drinking tea while discussing about several topics on Nothingland… Except +++IP+++, that is a contemporary topic far different to what they talked about.](../../../img/p006_i001.png)
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From copyfight, copyleft and copyfarleft movements, a lot of people
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have argued that this argument hides the fact that most authors
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can't make a living, whereas publishers and distributors profit a lot.
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@ -45,27 +47,24 @@ The disagreement comes with how this overview about cultural production
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is or should translate into policies and legislation.
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In times of emergency and crisis we are seeing how easily it is
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to “pause” those discussions and laws---or fast track other ones.
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to “pause” those discussions and laws---or fast track [other ones](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/mar/06/us-internet-bill-seen-as-opening-shot-against-end-to-end-encryption).
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On the side of governments this again shows how copyright and
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authors' rights aren't natural laws nor are they grounded beyond
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our political and economic systems. From the side of copyright
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defenders, this phenomena makes it clear that authorship is an argument
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that doesn't rely on the actual producers.
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that doesn't rely on the actual producers, cultural phenomena or world issues…
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And it also shows that there are [librarians](https://blog.archive.org/2020/03/30/internet-archive-responds-why-we-released-the-national-emergency-library)
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and [researchers](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-03-03/covid-19-open-science)
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fighting in favor of public interests; +++AKA+++, how important
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are libraries and open access today and how they can't be replaced
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by (online) bookstores or subscription-based research.
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There isn't a bureaucratic or constitutional way to ignore copyright
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law so quickly and so broadly without at least one of two elements.
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Publishers and distributors were already the copyright holders
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of all those books---even though they defend +++IP+++ “in favor
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of” the authors---so it doesn't matter what authors think about
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it; or these “reproducers” don't really care about authors
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interests---as they so vehemently defend.
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Yeah, I would find it very pretentious if some author didn't agree
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with this temporal openness of her work. But let's not miss the
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point: either way authors don't have any rights over their own
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work and this global pandemic has shown how easily it is for publishers
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and distributors to opt for openness or paywalls… So next time
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you defend copyright as authors' rights to make a living, think
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I find it very pretentious if [some authors](https://www.authorsguild.org/industry-advocacy/internet-archives-uncontrolled-digital-lending)
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and [some publishers](https://publishers.org/news/comment-from-aap-president-and-ceo-maria-pallante-on-the-internet-archives-national-emergency-library)
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didn't agree with this _temporal_ openness of their work. But let's not miss the
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point: this global pandemic has shown how easily it is for publishers
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and distributors to opt for openness or paywalls---who cares about the authors?…
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So next time you defend copyright as authors' rights to make a living, think
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twice, only few have been able to earn a livelihood, and while
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you think you are helping them, you are actually making third parties
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richer.
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@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ is actually an array of worlds and if people sometimes behave
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one way or the other, of course the notion of freedom is gonna
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vary.
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With freedom's different meanings we could try to reduce its diversity ?
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With freedom's different meanings we could try to reduce its diversity ? > The diversity of freedom definitions.
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so it could be embedded in any context or we could try something else.
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I dunno, maybe we could make software freedom an interoperable
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concept that fits each of our worlds or we could just stop trying
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@ -151,24 +150,23 @@ learning.
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that makes people think that writing documentation and praising
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self-taught learning is enough. From my point of view it is more
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about the production of a self-image in how a hacker or a pirate
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_should be_. Plus, it's fucking scary when you realize how ?
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_should be_. Plus, it's fucking scary when you realize how ? > It is scary to see that copyleft movement is manly, hierarchical and so on.
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manly, hierarchical and meritocratic this movement tends to be.)
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According to copyleft folks, my notion of software freedom isn't
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free because copyfarleft licenses cautions/prevents (?) _people_ to use software. ?
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free because copyfarleft licenses prevents _people_ to use software. ? > Prevents, yep!
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This is a very common criticism of any copyfarleft license. And
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it is also a very paradoxical one.
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Between the free software movement and open source initiative there
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has been a disagreement about the ought to inherit the same type ?
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has been a disagreement about the ought to inherit the same type ? > Free software implies to use the same license in your software that the free software you are using for its development.
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of license, like the General Public License. For the free software
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movement this clause ensures that software will always be free.
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According to the open source initiative this clause is actually
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a counter-freedom because it doesn't allow people to decide which
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license to use and it also isn't very attractive for enterprise
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entrepreneurship. Let's not forget that both sides agree that
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the market and its corporations are essential for technology
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development.
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the market is are essential for technology development.
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Free software supporters tend to vanish the discussion by declaring
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that open source defenders don't understand the social implication
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@ -199,7 +197,7 @@ to see how free the freedom is that the copyleft institutions
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are preaching
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According to _Open Source Software & The Department of Defense_
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(+++DoD+++), The +++U.S.+++ +++DoD+++ is one of the biggest consumers
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(+++DoD+++), The +++U.S. DoD+++ is one of the biggest consumers
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of open source. To put it in perspective, all tactical vehicles
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of the +++U.S.+++ Army employs at least one piece of open source
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software in its programming. Other examples are _the use_ of
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@ -207,6 +205,8 @@ Android to direct airstrikes or _the use_ of Linux for the ground
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stations that operates military drones like the Predator and
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Reaper.
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![A Reaper drone [incorrectly bombarding](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/nov/18/killer-drones-how-many-uav-predator-reaper) civilians in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, Syria or Yemen in order to deliver +++U.S. DoD+++ notion of freedom.](../../../img/p006_i002.png)
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Before you argue that this is a problem about open source software
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and not free software, you should check out the +++DoD+++
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[+++FAQ+++ section](https://dodcio.defense.gov/Open-Source-Software-FAQ).
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@ -273,17 +273,19 @@ and its economic models.
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Those copyleft institutions that care so much about “user
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freedoms” actually haven't been explicit about how +++FOSS+++
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is helping shape a world where a lot of us don't fit in. It
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had to be a right-wing think tank, one that declares the relevance
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of +++FOSS+++ for warfare and authoritarian regimes, while these
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institutions have been making many efforts in justifying
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had to be right-wing think tanks, the ones that declares the relevance
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of +++FOSS+++ for warfare, intelligence, security and authoritarian regimes,
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while these institutions have been making many efforts in justifying
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its way of understanding cultural production as a commodification
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of its political capacity. They have shown that in their pursuit of
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government and corporate adoption of +++FOSS+++ whereas when they talk ?
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about users, their policies are designed to defend _the use_:
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objects before subjects.
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government and corporate adoption of +++FOSS+++, they talk ? > They talk about “software user freedoms” but they actually refer to “freedom of use software”, no matter the objective.
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about users whereas their policies are designed to defend _use_.
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They aren't defending “software user freedom” but “freedom of use software”,
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no matter who is the user and for what it is been used, if it
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favors their interests.
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There is some sort of cognitive dissonance that influences many copyleft
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supporters to treat others harshly, those who just want some kind ?
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supporters to treat others harshly, those who just want some kind ? > They treat other users like shit if they don't use of fit in their conception of freedom.
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of aid over the argument about which license or product is free
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or not. But in the meantime, they don't defy and some of them
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even embrace the adoption of +++FOSS+++ for any kind of corporation,
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@ -311,14 +313,14 @@ mechanism that improves welfare and democracy. But because these
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four freedoms don't relate to any user interest and instead
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talk about the interest of using software and the adoption
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of an “open” cultural production, it hides the fact that sometimes
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the freedom of use goes against subjects.
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the freedom of use goes against and uses subjects.
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So the argument that copyfarleft denies people the use of software
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only makes sense between two confusions. First, the personification ?
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of institutions which restricts access for some---like ?
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only makes sense between two confusions. First, the personification ? > They say they defend people freedom, but institutions aren't people.
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of institutions---like ? > I really fucked it up here, right? I rewrote this shit.
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the ones that feed authoritarian regimes, perpetuate labor exploitation
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or surveil its users---translates to a restricted access _to
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people_. Second, the assumption that freedoms over software
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or surveil its users---which sometimes their policies restrict freedom
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or access _to people_. Second, the assumption that freedoms over software
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use cases is equal to the freedom of its users.
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Actually, if your “open” economic model requires software use
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@ -326,7 +328,7 @@ cases freedoms over users freedoms, we are far beyond the typical
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discussions about cultural production. I find it very hard to defend
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my support of freedom if my work enables some uses that could
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go against others' freedoms. This is of course the freedom
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dilemma about the paradox of tolerance. But my main conflict is when
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dilemma about the [paradox of tolerance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradox_of_tolerance). But my main conflict is when
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copyleft supporters boast about their defense of users freedoms
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while they micromanage others' software freedom definitions
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and, in the meantime, they turn their backs to the gray, dark
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@ -360,14 +362,21 @@ but now against the structures of power that surveils, exploits
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and kills people. These institutions need our “brainpower,” we
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can try by refusing their use. Some explorations could be
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software licenses that explicitly ban surveillance, exploitation
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or murder. We could also make it difficult for them to thieve
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our technology development---nowadays +++FOSS+++ distribution
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models have confused open economy with gift economy---or the
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access to our communication networks---end-to-end encryption
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is important, we should extend its use instead of allowing governments
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to ban it.
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or murder.
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We could also make it difficult for them to thieve our technology
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development and deny access to our communication networks. Nowadays
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+++FOSS+++ distribution models have confused open economy with
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gift economy. Another think tank---Centre of Economics and Foreign
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Policy Studies---published a report---_Digital Open Source Intelligence
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Security: A Primer_---where it states that open sources constitutes
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“at least 90%” of all intelligence activities. That includes our
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published open production and the open standards we develop for
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transparency. It is why end-to-end encryption is important and
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why we should extend its use instead of allowing governments to
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ban it.
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Copyleft could be a global pandemic if we don't go against
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its incorporation inside virulent technologies of destruction.
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We need more organization. However, the software we are developing
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We need more organization so that the software we are developing
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is free as in “social freedom,” not only as in “free individual.”
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