diff --git a/source/pythonpath/qrcode/util.py b/source/pythonpath/qrcode/util.py
index 58f3d21..1877884 100644
--- a/source/pythonpath/qrcode/util.py
+++ b/source/pythonpath/qrcode/util.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import re
 import math
 
-import six
-from six.moves import xrange
+# ~ import six
+# ~ from six.moves import xrange
 
 from qrcode import base, exceptions, LUT
 
@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@ MODE_SIZE_LARGE = {
     MODE_KANJI: 12,
 }
 
-ALPHA_NUM = six.b('0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ $%*+-./:')
-RE_ALPHA_NUM = re.compile(six.b('^[') + re.escape(ALPHA_NUM) + six.b(r']*\Z'))
+
+ALPHA_NUM = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ $%*+-./:'.encode("latin-1")
+RE_ALPHA_NUM = re.compile('^['.encode("latin-1") + re.escape(ALPHA_NUM) + r']*\Z'.encode("latin-1"))
+
 
 # The number of bits for numeric delimited data lengths.
 NUMBER_LENGTH = {3: 10, 2: 7, 1: 4}
@@ -96,8 +98,8 @@ PAD1 = 0x11
 _data_count = lambda block: block.data_count
 BIT_LIMIT_TABLE = [
     [0] + [8*sum(map(_data_count, base.rs_blocks(version, error_correction)))
-           for version in xrange(1, 41)]
-    for error_correction in xrange(4)
+           for version in range(1, 41)]
+    for error_correction in range(4)
 ]
 
 
@@ -192,7 +194,7 @@ def lost_point(modules):
 def _lost_point_level1(modules, modules_count):
     lost_point = 0
 
-    modules_range = xrange(modules_count)
+    modules_range = range(modules_count)
     container = [0] * (modules_count + 1)
 
     for row in modules_range:
@@ -225,7 +227,7 @@ def _lost_point_level1(modules, modules_count):
             container[length] += 1
 
     lost_point += sum(container[each_length] * (each_length - 2)
-        for each_length in xrange(5, modules_count + 1))
+        for each_length in range(5, modules_count + 1))
 
     return lost_point
 
@@ -233,7 +235,7 @@ def _lost_point_level1(modules, modules_count):
 def _lost_point_level2(modules, modules_count):
     lost_point = 0
 
-    modules_range = xrange(modules_count - 1)
+    modules_range = range(modules_count - 1)
     for row in modules_range:
         this_row = modules[row]
         next_row = modules[row + 1]
@@ -262,8 +264,8 @@ def _lost_point_level3(modules, modules_count):
     # row/column, preceded or followed by light area 4 modules wide. From ISOIEC.
     # pattern1:     10111010000
     # pattern2: 00001011101
-    modules_range = xrange(modules_count)
-    modules_range_short = xrange(modules_count-10)
+    modules_range = range(modules_count)
+    modules_range_short = range(modules_count-10)
     lost_point = 0
 
     for row in modules_range:
@@ -348,14 +350,14 @@ def optimal_data_chunks(data, minimum=4):
     :param minimum: The minimum number of bytes in a row to split as a chunk.
     """
     data = to_bytestring(data)
-    num_pattern = six.b(r'\d')
-    alpha_pattern = six.b('[') + re.escape(ALPHA_NUM) + six.b(']')
+    num_pattern = r'\d'.encode("latin-1")
+    alpha_pattern = '[').encode("latin-1") + re.escape(ALPHA_NUM) + ']'.encode("latin-1")
     if len(data) <= minimum:
-        num_pattern = re.compile(six.b('^') + num_pattern + six.b('+$'))
-        alpha_pattern = re.compile(six.b('^') + alpha_pattern + six.b('+$'))
+        num_pattern = re.compile('^'.encode("latin-1") + num_pattern + '+$'.encode("latin-1"))
+        alpha_pattern = re.compile('^'.encode("latin-1") + alpha_pattern + '+$'.encode("latin-1"))
     else:
         re_repeat = (
-            six.b('{') + six.text_type(minimum).encode('ascii') + six.b(',}'))
+            '{'.encode("latin-1") + str(minimum).encode('ascii') + ',}'.encode("latin-1"))
         num_pattern = re.compile(num_pattern + re_repeat)
         alpha_pattern = re.compile(alpha_pattern + re_repeat)
     num_bits = _optimal_split(data, num_pattern)
@@ -390,8 +392,8 @@ def to_bytestring(data):
     Convert data to a (utf-8 encoded) byte-string if it isn't a byte-string
     already.
     """
-    if not isinstance(data, six.binary_type):
-        data = six.text_type(data).encode('utf-8')
+    if not isinstance(data, bytes):
+        data = str(data).encode('utf-8')
     return data
 
 
@@ -439,12 +441,12 @@ class QRData(object):
 
     def write(self, buffer):
         if self.mode == MODE_NUMBER:
-            for i in xrange(0, len(self.data), 3):
+            for i in range(0, len(self.data), 3):
                 chars = self.data[i:i + 3]
                 bit_length = NUMBER_LENGTH[len(chars)]
                 buffer.put(int(chars), bit_length)
         elif self.mode == MODE_ALPHA_NUM:
-            for i in xrange(0, len(self.data), 2):
+            for i in range(0, len(self.data), 2):
                 chars = self.data[i:i + 2]
                 if len(chars) > 1:
                     buffer.put(
@@ -453,12 +455,13 @@ class QRData(object):
                 else:
                     buffer.put(ALPHA_NUM.find(chars), 6)
         else:
-            if six.PY3:
+            # ~ if six.PY3:
                 # Iterating a bytestring in Python 3 returns an integer,
                 # no need to ord().
-                data = self.data
-            else:
-                data = [ord(c) for c in self.data]
+                # ~ data = self.data
+            # ~ else:
+                # ~ data = [ord(c) for c in self.data]
+            data = self.data
             for c in data:
                 buffer.put(c, 8)