2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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# Manage iRedAPD (white/blacklists, greylisting)
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[TOC]
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2016-03-29 19:14:36 -06:00
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!!! note
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All iRedAPD features listed in current page can be managed with our
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web-based admin panel - [iRedAdmin-Pro](../admin_panel.html).
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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## Introduce iRedAPD
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iRedAPD is a simple Postfix policy server, written in Python, with plugin
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support. it listens on port `7777` by default, and runs as a low-privileged
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user `iredapd`.
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2016-03-29 19:14:36 -06:00
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## How to disable iRedAPD service
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2016-02-10 09:32:17 -06:00
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2016-02-12 07:58:38 -06:00
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To disable iRedAPD service:
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1. please remove all `check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:7777` in Postfix config file
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2016-02-10 09:32:17 -06:00
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`/etc/postfix/main.cf` (Linux/OpenBSD) or `/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf`
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2016-02-12 07:58:38 -06:00
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(FreeBSD).
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1. Restart or reload Postfix service.
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1. Disable iredapd service.
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2016-02-10 09:32:17 -06:00
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2016-03-29 19:14:36 -06:00
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## How to enable or disable iRedAPD plugins
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iRedAPD plugin is Python file under `/opt/iredapd/plugins/` directory. To
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enable a plugin, please find line `plugins =` in iRedAPD config file
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`/opt/iredapd/settings.py`, for example:
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```
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plugins = ['reject_null_sender', 'amavisd_wblist', 'greylisting', 'throttle']
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```
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If you want to enable plugin `reject_sender_login_mismatch` (file
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`/opt/iredapd/plugins/reject_sender_login_mismatch.py`), please add the plugin
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name in `plugins =` like below, and restart iRedAPD service:
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```
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plugins = ['reject_null_sender', 'amavisd_wblist', 'greylisting', 'throttle', 'reject_sender_login_mismatch']
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```
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The priorities of plugins shipped in iRedAPD are hard-coded, so the order of
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plugin name in `plugins =` doesn't matter.
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To disable a plugin, just remove the plugin name and restart iRedAPD service.
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2016-04-13 08:19:33 -05:00
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## How to add custom settings
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iRedAPD has some default settings in file
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`/opt/iredapd/libs/default_settings.py`, but you should never modify it.
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Instead, you should copy the settings you want to modify from
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`/opt/iredapd/libs/default_settings.py` to `/opt/iredapd/settings.py`, then
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update it with new values. This way you will keep custom settings after
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upgrading iRedAPD -- because iRedAPD upgrade tool will copy
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`/opt/iredapd/settings.py` to new iRedAPD release during upgrading.
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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## White/Blacklisting
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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2016-02-02 04:48:01 -06:00
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### How to disable white/blacklists completely
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To disable white/blacklists completely, please remove plugin name
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`amavisd_wblist` in iRedAPD config file `/opt/iredapd/settings.py`,
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parameter `plugins =`:
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```
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plugins = [..., 'amavisd_wblist', ...]
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```
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Restarting iRedAPD service is required.
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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### Manage white/blacklists
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> * White/blacklisting is available in iRedAPD-1.4.4 and later releases.
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> * Script `tools/wblist_admin.py` is available in iRedAPD-1.7.0 and later releases.
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White/blacklisting is controlled by plugin `amavisd_wblist` (file
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`/opt/iredapd/plugins/amavisd_wblist.py`), you can manage it with script
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`/opt/iredapd/tools/wblist_admin.py`.
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#### Available arguments
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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```
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--outbound
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Manage white/blacklist for outbound messages.
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If no '--outbound' argument, defaults to manage inbound messages.
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--account account
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Add white/blacklists for specified (local) account. Valid formats:
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- a single user: username@domain.com
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- a single domain: @domain.com
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- entire domain and all its sub-domains: @.domain.com
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- anyone: @. (the ending dot is required)
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if no '--account' argument, defaults to '@.' (anyone).
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--add
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Add white/blacklists for specified (local) account.
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--delete
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Delete specified white/blacklists for specified (local) account.
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--delete-all
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Delete ALL white/blacklists for specified (local) account.
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--list
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Show existing white/blacklists for specified (local) account. If no
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account specified, defaults to manage server-wide white/blacklists.
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--whitelist sender1 [sender2 sender3 ...]
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Whitelist specified sender(s). Multiple senders must be separated by a space.
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--blacklist sender1 [sender2 sender3 ...]
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Blacklist specified sender(s). Multiple senders must be separated by a space.
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WARNING: Do not use --list, --add-whitelist, --add-blacklist at the same time.
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```
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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#### Sample usages
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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* Show and add server-wide whitelists or blacklists:
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```
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# python wblist_admin.py --list --whitelist
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# python wblist_admin.py --list --blacklist
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# python wblist_admin.py --add --whitelist 192.168.1.10 user@domain.com
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# python wblist_admin.py --add --blacklist 172.16.1.10 user@domain.com
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```
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* For per-user or per-domain whitelists and blacklists, please use option
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`--account`. for example:
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```
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# python wblist_admin.py --account @mydomain.com --add --whitelist 192.168.1.10 user@example.com
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# python wblist_admin.py --account user@mydomain.com --add --blacklist 172.16.1.10 baduser@example.com
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# python wblist_admin.py --account @mydomain.com --list --whitelist
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# python wblist_admin.py --account user@mydomain.com --list --blacklist
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```
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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## Greylisting
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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2016-04-13 08:19:33 -05:00
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!!! note
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Greylisting is available in iRedAPD-1.7.0 and later releases.
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2016-04-12 08:49:36 -05:00
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For technical details about greylisting, please visit <http://greylisting.org/>
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2016-02-02 04:48:01 -06:00
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### How to disable greylisting completely
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To disable greylisting completely, please remove plugin name `greylisting`
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in iRedAPD config file `/opt/iredapd/settings.py`, parameter `plugins =`:
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```
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plugins = [..., 'greylisting', ...]
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```
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Restarting iRedAPD service is required.
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2016-04-13 08:19:33 -05:00
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### General settings
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There're several settings for greylisting behaviour, default values are defined
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in `/opt/iredapd/libs/default_settings.py`. If you want to modify them, please
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add the settings with custom values in `/opt/iredapd/settings.py`.
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* `GREYLISTING_MESSAGE`: the rejection message which will be sent to sender
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server. Default is `Intentional policy rejection, please try again later`.
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* `GREYLISTING_BLOCK_EXPIRE`: Time (in MINUTES) to wait before client retrying,
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client will be rejected if retires too soon (in less than specified minutes).
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Defaults to `15` minutes.
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* `GREYLISTING_AUTH_TRIPLET_EXPIRE`: Disable greylisting for how long (in DAYS)
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for clients which passed greylisting (retried and delivered). It's also used
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to clean up old greylisting tracking records. Defaults to `30` days.
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* `GREYLISTING_UNAUTH_TRIPLET_EXPIRE`: Time (in DAYS) to keep tracking records
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if client didn't pass the greylisting, and no further deliver attempts.
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Defaults to `2` days.
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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### Manage greylisting settings
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> * Script `tools/greylisting_admin.py` is available in iRedAPD-1.8.0 and
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> later releases.
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Greylisting is controlled by plugin `greylisting` (file
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`/opt/iredapd/plugins/greylisting.py`), you can manage it with script
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`/opt/iredapd/tools/greylisting_admin.py`.
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#### Available arguments
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2016-01-21 23:23:12 -06:00
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```
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--list
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Show ALL existing greylisting settings.
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--from <from_address>
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--to <to_address>
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Manage greylisting setting from email which is sent from <from_address>
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to <to_address>.
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Valid formats for both <from_address> and <to_address>:
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- a single user: username@domain.com
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- a single domain: @domain.com
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- entire domain and all its sub-domains: @.domain.com
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- anyone: @. (the ending dot is required)
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if no '--from' or '--to' argument, defaults to '@.' (anyone).
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--enable
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Explicitly enable greylisting for specified account.
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--disable
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Explicitly disable greylisting for specified account.
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--delete
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Delete specified greylisting setting.
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```
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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#### Sample usages
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* List all existing greylisting settings
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```
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# cd /opt/iredapd/tools/
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# python greylisting_admin.py --list
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```
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* Enable greylisting for emails which are sent from anyone to local mail domain `example.com`:
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```
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# python greylisting_admin.py --enable --to '@example.com'
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```
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* Disable greylisting for emails which are sent from anyone to local mail user `user@example.com`:
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```
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# python greylisting_admin.py --disable --to 'user@example.com'
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```
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* Disable greylisting for emails which are sent from `gmail.com` to local mail user `user@example.com`
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```
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# python greylisting_admin.py --disable --from '@gmail.com' --to 'user@example.com'
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```
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* Delete greylisting setting for emails which are sent from anyone to local domain `test.com`
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```
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# python greylisting_admin.py --delete --to '@test.com'
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```
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2016-01-22 09:16:02 -06:00
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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#### RECOMMENDED: Additional greylisting whitelist support
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2016-01-22 09:16:02 -06:00
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Seems many companies setup their mail servers to re-deliver returned email
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immediately from another server, this causes trouble with greylisting.
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Possible solutions:
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1. Disable greylisting on your server completely.
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2016-02-15 05:45:31 -06:00
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1. Whitelist IP addresses/networks of their mail servers.
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2016-01-22 09:16:02 -06:00
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For solution #2, you can whitelist those mail servers with script
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2016-04-09 23:25:07 -05:00
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`/opt/iredapd/tools/spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py`.
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2016-04-09 23:25:07 -05:00
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> Note: script `tools/spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py` is available in iRedAPD-1.8.0 and later releases.
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2016-01-22 09:16:02 -06:00
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It queries SPF and MX records of specified mail domain names, then store all
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converted IP addresses/networks defined in SPF/MX records in SQL table
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`iredapd.greylisting_whitelists`.
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To whitelist IP addresses/networks of some mail domain, for example,
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`outlook.com`, `microsoft.com`, please run command like below:
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```
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# cd /opt/iredapd/tools/
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# python spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py outlook.com microsoft.com
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```
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If you want to whitelist more mail domains, just run the command with the
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domain names like above sample.
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Since iRedAPD-1.8.0, we have SQL table `iredapd.greylisting_whitelist_domains`
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to store these mail domain names. if you run `spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py`
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without any argument, it will fetch all mail domains stored in sql table
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`greylisting_whitelist_domains` instead of fetching from command line arguments.
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```
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2016-04-09 23:25:07 -05:00
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# python spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py
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```
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You should setup a cron job to run this script, so that it can keep the IP
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addresses/networks up to date. iRedMail sets up the cron job to run every 10
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minutes, like below:
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```
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2016-04-13 07:29:12 -05:00
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*/10 * * * * /usr/bin/python /opt/iredapd/tools/spf_to_greylist_whitelists.py &>/dev/null
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```
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